识别与危害Identification & damage
蔗茎出现灰褐色圆壳，密集覆盖茎节时，要检查盾蚧。严重受害可伴黄叶和茎秆瘦弱，但黄叶本身不能定虫。
Dense grey-brown circular covers around cane nodes warrant scale inspection. Heavy infestation may weaken cane; yellow leaves alone are not diagnostic.
来源与传播Origins & spread
带虫种茎能把虫群带到新田，播前要检查叶鞘下和茎节。清洁外观不够，松动叶鞘下的小虫和介壳容易被漏掉。
Infested setts move colonies; inspect beneath sheaths and around nodes. A clean-looking exterior can hide scales under loose leaf sheaths.
生活史与微观过程Life cycle & microscopic processes
这种盾蚧有卵在母体内孵化的记录，出来的是爬行若虫。因此不画成蛾类的裸露卵块，也不把介壳当作虫卵。若虫先爬行，选好取食位置后固定下来，逐步形成介壳。本片跟踪雌虫这一条发育线，介壳下藏着柔软虫体。微观示意显示口针进入组织，表面的壳不是蛀茎虫孔。厚壳可能留在死虫上，所以不能只凭壳数判断防治效果。
Reported eggs hatch within females; mobile crawlers then emerge. Do not mistake covers for eggs or expect exposed moth-like egg masses. Crawlers move, settle at feeding sites and develop protective covers. The soft bodies of females remain sheltered beneath their covers. Feeding stylets enter plant tissue; a scale cover is not a borer hole. Covers may remain after death; their number alone cannot show control.
田间检查与确认Inspection & confirmation
按固定路线抽查茎节和节间，必要时轻挑少量介壳看活虫。记录爬行若虫和新定殖点，并保留疑难标本供鉴定。
Inspect nodes and internodes; gently lift a few covers to check whether the insects beneath them are alive. Record crawlers and newly settled colonies; retain uncertain specimens.
预防、治理与复查Prevention, management & follow-up
选用无虫种茎，改善排水，重害宿根田评估更新种源。清理松枯叶鞘要结合田管，也要保护当地有效的天敌。需要干预时重点观察爬行期，用药按本地登记标签执行。复查介壳下活虫和新若虫，别把旧壳残留当成继续繁殖。
Plant uninfested setts, improve drainage and reassess heavily infested ratoons. Manage loose dead sheaths while conserving effective local natural enemies. Monitor crawlers when planning intervention; follow local pesticide labels. Recheck live insects and new crawlers; old covers do not prove reproduction.